{"id":28760,"date":"2021-10-09T19:44:07","date_gmt":"2021-10-09T16:44:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=28760"},"modified":"2023-12-23T21:05:49","modified_gmt":"2023-12-23T18:05:49","slug":"%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a8%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%ba%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=28760","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 ( \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 )"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649:<\/span><\/p>\n

1\u00a0\u00a0 – \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (6.6-8.2) \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u063a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (4-9) \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.3-4.9) \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (17-36)\u0645\u00b0<\/sup> \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (800-1187) \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0632\/\u0633\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 (300-550) \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (3.2-202) NTU.\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (1-3.45) \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0.1-0.48) \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645 \/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 .\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

2- \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0647 .<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 .<\/span><\/p>\n

1 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u062c\u0644\u0629\u00a0 \u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u00a0 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 . <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>2- \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 . <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>3- \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u062c\u0644\u0629 . <\/span><\/p>\n

4- \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 . <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>5- \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649\u00a0 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u00a0 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628 . <\/span><\/p>\n

6- – \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 . <\/span><\/p>\n

7- \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0650 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u062d\u0627\u0632\u0645\u00a0 .<\/span><\/p>\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 ( \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 … 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